Research conducted by scientists at the University of Pittsburgh and the UPMC Hillman Cancer Center has revealed that T-cells, a type of white blood cell, exhibit enhanced functionality after a meal. These T-cells act as vigilant defenders against viruses, bacteria, and precancerous cells in the body. The study, recently published in the journal Nature, underscores the significance of nutrition in bolstering the body’s defense against infections. According to Greg Delgoffe, an immunologist involved in the study, feeding the immune system is crucial for optimal performance, drawing a parallel to Napoleon’s belief that an army marches on its stomach.
The study involved analyzing blood samples from 31 healthy individuals twice in a day: once in the morning after fasting overnight, and later after consuming a meal. Results showed that post-meal T-cells exhibited improved fat and sugar absorption and increased energy production in mitochondria, indicating the positive impact of eating on immune function. Further tests on mice demonstrated that well-fed mice generated more memory cells, a specialized subset of T-cells that recognize previously encountered pathogens.
Delgoffe highlighted that when T-cells are activated by foreign invaders, such as viruses or bacteria, they undergo rapid growth and division to combat the infection, which can be energetically taxing. Although the study did not regulate participants’ diets, the consistent post-meal effects on T-cells emphasized the importance of a balanced diet in enhancing immune response.
Additionally, the research suggests that dietary interventions could enhance cancer treatments like CAR-T therapies, which modify T-cell receptors to target cancer cells more effectively. In the study, it was observed that CAR T-cells derived from individuals who had eaten were more efficient in controlling cancer compared to those from fasting individuals. Russell Jones, a metabolism and nutritional programming expert at Van Andel Institute, noted that these findings offer insights into developing dietary strategies to improve immune function and optimize cancer therapies.
Overall, the study contributes to the evolving understanding of the intricate connections between diet, metabolism, and immunity, particularly in the context of cancer treatment. Jones emphasized the pivotal role of a balanced diet in promoting overall health, whether combating a common cold or battling cancer.