In Newfoundland and Labrador, researchers and a public health official highlight the need to monitor mosquito- and tick-borne diseases despite their current low impact. A recent study by Memorial University aimed to identify mosquito species and the viruses they carry in the province due to concerns related to global warming’s influence on insect populations.
Lead scientist Atanu Sarkar emphasized the impact of climate change on infectious diseases, citing studies showing the role of climate change in spreading mosquitoes. The study involved a citizen science project that engaged 182 residents, collecting over 3,500 mosquito samples in 2018 and 2019 from Newfoundland and Saint Pierre and Miquelon.
The findings, delayed by the COVID-19 pandemic, revealed the presence of invasive mosquito species thriving in Newfoundland’s climate and carrying various viruses. Notably, viruses like Snowshoe hare and Jamestown Canyon were identified, capable of causing flu-like symptoms and severe neurological issues in humans.
The study marked the first comprehensive mapping of mosquito and virus distribution in the province, indicating the importance of continued research to pinpoint high-risk areas and provide recommendations for public health measures. Additionally, the discussion touched on the risk of Lyme disease carried by ticks, with past research suggesting limited local establishment due to host animal availability.
As the province closely monitors the spread of mosquito-borne illnesses and Lyme disease, the emphasis remains on preventive measures such as insect repellent use, wearing protective clothing, and eliminating mosquito breeding sites. With no current vaccines available, public health officials stress the importance of proactive steps to mitigate disease transmission risks.
Overall, ongoing research and vigilance are crucial in understanding and addressing the potential health impacts of mosquito- and tick-borne diseases in Newfoundland and Labrador.