Provincial wildlife authorities are pleased with reports of uncommon canids such as coyotes and wolves, as they endeavor to monitor and gain a better understanding of these animals’ presence in Newfoundland and Labrador. The recent discovery of a small group of animals near Goose Arm, between Deer Lake and Corner Brook, by Nikita Compton has reignited interest in the possibility of wolves on the island, prompting speculation about potential hybridization with coyotes or dogs.
While confirming the identity of these animals without testing is challenging, wildlife officials aim to enhance their knowledge of the overall canid population. The Department of Forestry, Agriculture, and Lands of the Government of Newfoundland and Labrador mentioned a distinct Newfoundland wolf subspecies, which became extinct in the 1930s. However, Labrador gray wolves have been more recently observed on the island, with documented cases dating back to 2008 and 2012.
Since 2013, the Wildlife Division has been researching the movement of these animals and has conducted genetic analysis on approximately 500 canid carcasses collected in the province. Among these, five animals exhibited a mix of coyote and domestic dog ancestry, while four animals were identified as Labrador wolves. Additionally, 28 samples showed traces of wolf DNA.
The province states that the wolf population on the island is limited, with genetic evidence indicating interbreeding between wolves and coyotes. Due to the larger coyote population, it is likely that wolf genetics will remain diluted within the island’s canid population. Despite the challenges in visually determining a coyote’s genetic background, interest in understanding the canid mystery is encouraged to support ongoing research on wildlife in the province.
Hunters and trappers are incentivized to submit coyote and wolf carcasses to aid in understanding the impact of coyotes’ colonization on the island and the migration of wolves from Labrador. Efforts are underway to increase the number of canid samples from Labrador to improve the detection of animals with wolf genetic ancestry.
In case of encountering a coyote or wolf, provincial wildlife advises the public that these animals are generally not aggressive towards humans. However, individuals should avoid provoking or feeding wild animals. If faced with a coyote or wolf, it is recommended to remain calm, make noise, and appear larger by waving arms. If the animal persists, one should continue making noise while slowly retreating.
Remember, it is not just about the island; hunters and trappers in Labrador are also urged to report canid carcasses to the Wildlife Division.