Scientists from the Department of Fisheries and Oceans are currently examining potential scenarios that could arise if there are changes in lobster stocks in the waters off Nova Scotia and southern New Brunswick. This review includes considering the impact of adjustments such as reducing season lengths and trap limits, modifying size restrictions, and implementing other strategies.
Adam Cook, a DFO scientist and lead author of a recent report, mentioned that some existing lobster management measures have been in place for an extended period. The objective of the study is to refresh the scientific basis for these measures, taking into account shifts in water temperatures.
Despite the evaluation, Canadian lobster fisheries are still deemed healthy, with most stock status indicators well above long-term averages. Cook emphasized the importance of providing information to help stakeholders anticipate and adapt to potential future changes.
The Department clarified that no immediate changes to management measures are being made solely based on the study. Instead, the findings will facilitate potential adjustments if requested by the industry or deemed necessary due to stock conditions.
Cook highlighted the complexity of managing lobster fishing areas 27 to 38, spanning from northern Cape Breton to the Bay of Fundy. He noted that a combination of measures is typically necessary to safeguard the species.
Using modeling and simulations, the study assessed the effects of various management strategies. It highlighted that shortening the fishing season is a highly effective control method, as it consistently reduces exploitation and mortality rates.
The study underscored the sensitivity of lobsters to water temperature, affecting their activity levels, catch rates, and growth. It also pointed out that minor reductions in trap limits may not have a significant impact unless substantial changes are implemented, considering economic and operational implications.
Long-term measures like v-notching, which involves marking egg-bearing female lobsters for conservation purposes, were also considered. These slow-acting measures aim to protect large, highly reproductive females.
Bernie Berry, a senior fisheries adviser with the Coldwater Lobster Association, emphasized the importance of utilizing DFO-produced information to make informed decisions and prepare for potential industry and environmental changes.
Overall, the study provides valuable insights into potential management adjustments for lobster fisheries in the region, ensuring the sustainability of this vital industry.